Connect with us

Fintech

Fed's Beige Book Flags Consumer Spending Slide | PYMNTS.com

Published

on

The Federal Reserve’s final Beige Book of the year points to a noticeable cooling in sentiment as businesses and consumers end 2025 on more cautious footing.

The report, covering activity through mid-November, shows softening demand, increased price sensitivity and widening signs of strain across lower- and middle-income households. Together, the themes reveal an economy still growing but with flagging momentum as 2026 approaches.

A Final Reading on a Slowing Year

This eighth and final edition of the Beige Book, released on Nov. 26, consolidated nationwide reports from business contacts, community organizations and economic observers. While overall activity was described as little changed, the tone reflects the most broadly cautious readings of the year. Many respondents pointed to weaker demand, persistent cost pressures and rising uncertainty, factors that have steadily accumulated across the 2025 reporting cycle. Compared with the first Beige Book of the year, which showed uniformly positive or neutral readings across major categories, the final report demonstrates a clear shift toward pessimism.

Consumer Spending Softens as Households Adjust

Consumer spending emerged as the weakest part of the economy, with more negative assessments in this area than in any other major category tracked by the survey. The report noted “softening demand,” particularly among low- and middle-income households, who have become increasingly sensitive to higher prices and more selective with discretionary purchases.

Contacts cited reduced general merchandise spending, lower restaurant traffic, weak leisure travel and a noticeable pullback in big-ticket items. Weaker auto sales, including a decline in electric vehicle purchases after the expiration of federal tax credits, further underscored the cooling environment.

Even where affluent consumers remained relatively resilient, the pattern of trading down, delaying purchases or opting for lower-priced alternatives appeared consistent. Several respondents tied the spending pullback to disruptions in SNAP benefits and broader household budget strain following the government shutdown. The report made clear that the shift in spending behavior is not isolated to any one region but reflects a broad, system-wide recalibration by consumers.

Advertisement: Scroll to Continue

Summary of Survey Sentiment Across 12 Federal Reserve Banks. November Release

 

  Domestic Product  Job Market  Consumer Spending 
Very positive  0 (+0)  0 (0)  0 (0) 
Somewhat Positive  4 (-2)  1 (+0)  2 (-3) 
Neutral / Mixed Signals  4 (+2)  5 (-2)  1 (-3) 
Somewhat Negative  4 (+0)  6 (+2)  9 (+6) 
Very negative  0 (+0)  0 (+0)  0 (-1) 

Source: Federal Reserve, chart by PYMNTS Intelligence 

Notes:
1. The Federal Reserve does not aggregate respondent views, classification is subject to the judgment of PYMNTS Intelligence.
2. Values in brackets represent the change from October figures.

Lending Conditions Reflect the Slowdown

Lending activity varied but echoed the same undertone of restraint. While some areas reported stable or slightly improving credit conditions, the dominant theme was caution. Loan demand was mixed, with several parts of the financial system seeing declines in consumer lending, tighter credit standards and borrowers delaying applications amid uncertainty. Small businesses in particular faced pressures from higher costs, slower sales and reduced access to predictable funding, factors that heightened concerns around delinquencies and defaults.

Households showed increased use of debt to cover basic expenses, and lenders reported that loan quality remained generally sound but under growing pressure. The Beige Book noted that underwriting was stable overall but trending more conservative, especially where businesses and consumers signaled hesitance to take on new obligations in the current environment.

Businesses Enter 2026 With Limited Confidence

The outlook component of the Beige Book shows little movement compared with prior months, but the underlying tone has tilted more negative. Respondents increasingly expect slower activity in the early months of 2026 as cost pressures, policy uncertainty and weakening demand weigh on hiring and investment decisions. Many businesses shifted to replacement-only hiring, reduced hours or selective freezes, reflecting both reduced demand and efforts to control costs.

Evolution of Sentiment Across Areas

While some sectors benefited from structurally strong demand, such as those tied to data centers or specific parts of manufacturing, these pockets were not large enough to lift broader confidence. Across many industries, contacts described delaying capital expenditures, holding back on expansion plans and waiting for greater clarity on tariffs, interest rate policy and consumer behavior.

Taken together, the final Beige Book of 2025 portrays an economy navigating a delicate transition.

Growth has not stalled, but households and businesses are adapting to conditions that have become progressively more restrictive.

As the new year approaches, the question is whether renewed stability can help restore momentum, or whether rising caution becomes the dominant theme of early 2026.

Continue Reading
Click to comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Fintech

Speed Raises $8 Million to Expand Bitcoin and Stablecoin Payment Solutions | PYMNTS.com

Published

on

The company will use the new funding to build capacity, expand to new regions, develop more merchant tools, enable cross-border and creator payouts, and maintain reliability and compliance, it said in a Tuesday (Dec. 16) blog post.

Speed’s offerings include a global payment layer called Speed Merchant that is designed for merchants, platforms and payment systems and enables them to accept both Bitcoin and stablecoins, according to the post.

The company also offers a Lightning wallet called Speed Wallet that serves individuals and businesses and enables Bitcoin and stablecoin transfers, supports global payouts, offers local on- and off-ramps, and powers USDT transactions, the post said.

“We’ve always believed that Bitcoin and stablecoins can power everyday payments,” Speed CEO Niraj Patel said in the post. “That requires real infrastructure—fast, compliant and scalable. This investment validates that belief and accelerates our mission.”

Speed co-founder Jayneel Patel said in the post that the company aims to “solve real problems with technology.”

Advertisement: Scroll to Continue

“Speed started as a merchant solution and has grown into a global payment network,” Jayneel Patel said, adding the company is “ready to take the next leap.”

Stablecoin issuer Tether and venture fund ego death capital co-led the funding round, per the post.

Tether said in a Tuesday press release that its investment supports its strategy to support Bitcoin-aligned financial infrastructure and expand the utility of its USDT stablecoin in real-world payment environments.

“We support teams building practical infrastructure that reduces friction in payments and expands access to reliable settlement rails,” Tether CEO Paolo Ardoino said in the release.

Tether’s USDT stablecoin is the most traded cryptocurrency by volume around the world.

Adam Gebner, associate at ego death capital, said in a Tuesday blog post that Speed processed over $1.5 billion in payment volume over the past 12 months and serves more than 1.2 million users.

“By bridging Lightning and stablecoins in a single, compliant platform, Speed is positioning itself as foundational infrastructure for the Bitcoin and stablecoin economy, serving merchants, platforms and users across both developed and emerging markets,” Gebner said in the post.

Continue Reading

Fintech

Databricks Targets $134 Billion Valuation in New Funding Round | PYMNTS.com

Published

on

Data analytics/artificial intelligence (AI) firm Databricks is reportedly raising $4 billion in a new funding round.

This Series L round would value the company at $134 billion, up 34% from its last session of funding during the summer, the Wall Street Journal (WSJ) reported Tuesday (Dec. 16).

Ali Ghodsi, Databricks’ co-founder and CEO, told the WSJ the company plans to use the new funding to invest in its core data-analytics products and AI software, while also letting its workers engage in secondary share sales.

The company, among the most valuable private firms in Silicon Valley, also plans to hire around 600 fresh college graduates in 2026, the CEO added, in addition to adding thousands of new jobs worldwide in Asia, Latin America and Europe. It also plans to hire AI researchers, who are typically paid top salaries, the WSJ added.

The report noted that Databricks has benefited from the AI boom, which relies partially on private corporate data to customize AI models. Databricks told the WSJ that its data-warehousing product, which can serve as an underlying data platform for AI services, surpassed a $1 billion revenue run rate at the end of October.

This year has seen Databricks ink deals with OpenAI and Anthropic to help sell AI services to business customers. Each of these partnerships are designed to push clients to develop AI agents, or independent bots that can carry out tasks on behalf of humans.

Advertisement: Scroll to Continue

The company’s new funding round comes three months after Databricks’ Series K round, which valued it more than $100 billion, up from $62 billion at the start of the year.

In other AI news, PYMNTS wrote earlier this week about The General Intelligence Company of New York, a start up developing agent-based systems designed to take over large portions of company operations.

“The company’s name deliberately evokes Gilded Age ambition, and founder Andrew Pignanelli told PYMNTS that the reference was intentional,” that report said. “He said he views AI as foundational infrastructure for the next era of company-building, much as railroads and industrial capital reshaped the United States economy more than a century ago.”

The company started by working backward from “the one-person billion-dollar business,” as Pignanelli termed it.

“We started at the end, the actual one-person billion-dollar company, and worked our way back and we were like, ‘What can we do today?’” he said.

Continue Reading

Fintech

Apple App Store Fees Face Pressure From EU Developers | PYMNTS.com

Published

on

A collection of app developers and consumer groups want Europe to enforce laws against Apple.

The Coalition of App Fairness (CAF) on Monday (Dec. 15) issued an open letter to the European Commission (EC) accusing the tech giant of “persistent” non-compliance with Europe’s Digital Markets Act (DMA).

The letter follows findings from the EC that Apple had violated the DMA by keeping developers from directing users to alternative payment methods, fining the tech giant $588 million.

Apple in turn revised its terms for its app store to impose fees that ranged from from 13% for smaller businesses to up to 20% for App Store purchases. However, the CAF says Apple has not addressed what it calls a core issue: the company’s fees are preventing fair competition.

“The law says that gatekeepers like Apple must allow developers to offer and conduct transactions outside of the App Store free of charge,” the letter said. “However, Apple is now charging developers commission, fees of up to 20% for such transactions. This is a blatant disregard for the law with the potential to vanquish years of meaningful work by the Commission.”

The CAF also notes that Apple plans to introduce new terms and conditions for the App Store next month, and says it suspects the new terms will include fees that violate the DMA.

Advertisement: Scroll to Continue

“Apple cannot be permitted to exploit its gatekeeper position by holding the entire industry hostage,” the letter added.

PYMNTS has contacted Apple for comment but has not yet gotten a reply. The company had in September called on the commission to rethink the DMA, which was created to prevent market abuse by tech giants doing business in Europe.

“Over that time, it’s become clear that the DMA is leading to a worse experience for Apple users in the EU,” Apple wrote in a blog post. “It’s exposing them to new risks, and disrupting the simple, seamless way their Apple products work together. And as new technologies come out, our European users’ Apple products will only fall further behind.”

In its blog post, Apple argued the DMA requirements for allowing other app marketplaces and alternative payment systems don’t take into account the privacy and security standards of the App Store, putting customers at risk for being overcharged or scammed.

“The DMA also lets other companies request access to user data and core technologies of Apple products,” the company wrote. “Apple is required to meet almost every request, even if they create serious risks for our users.”

Continue Reading

Trending